Introduction to Nursing Careers
We're not kidding when we say that a career in nursing can take you almost anywhere. Nursing is a high-demand, high-wage career with many options. This page helps you understand the types of healthcare settings where nurses work, the type of nursing/specialty that works there, the required license, and the typical responsibilities for the role.
| Healthcare Setting (Where do you want to work?) | Nurse Type / Specialty | Required License(s) | Typical Role / Responsibilities | Key Certifications |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Academic | Nursing Faculty / Academic Nurse Educator | RN / PhD / DNP | Teaches undergraduate and graduate nursing students; develops curricula; conducts research; mentors students through clinical and didactic coursework; participates in accreditation processes. | CNE (Certified Nurse Educator); PhD or DNP typically required |
| Acute Care | Acute Care Nurse / Acute Care NP (ACNP) | RN / APRN | Manages patients with serious, complex, or rapidly changing health conditions in hospital settings; performs assessments, orders diagnostics, and adjusts treatment plans; collaborates with interdisciplinary teams. | ACNP-BC (Acute Care Nurse Practitioner) |
| Acute Care Hospital – Medical/Surgical Unit | Med-Surg Nurse | RN / LPN | Provides post-operative and medical care for adult patients with varied diagnoses; administers medications; monitors vitals; coordinates discharge planning; educates patients and families. | CMSRN (Certified Med-Surg RN) |
| Adult Health | Adult Health / Internal Medicine Nurse | RN / APRN | Cares for adult patients across a range of chronic and acute conditions; conducts health screenings; manages medications and care plans; educates on disease prevention and self-management. | ANP-BC (Adult Nurse Practitioner) |
| Agency / Staffing Nursing | Agency / Per Diem / Staff Nurse | RN / LPN | Works on a contract or per-diem basis filling staffing gaps across various units and facilities; must quickly adapt to new environments, policies, and patient populations; maintains flexible scheduling. | BLS/ACLS required; specialty certifications a plus |
| Ambulatory Surgery Centers | Ambulatory Surgery / Pre-Op / PACU Nurse | RN | Prepares patients for outpatient surgical procedures; performs pre-op assessments; assists during procedures; monitors patients in recovery; educates on post-discharge care instructions. | CPAN (Certified Post-Anesthesia Nurse); CASC credential |
| Anesthesia (CRNA) | Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA) | APRN | Administers anesthesia for surgical, obstetric, and pain management procedures; monitors patients throughout anesthesia; manages airways; provides post-anesthesia care; works independently or with anesthesiologists. | CRNA (requires MSN/DNP + NBCRNA certification) |
| Assisted Living Facilities | Assisted Living / Geriatric Nurse | RN / LPN | Performs health assessments; administers medications; oversees resident wellness; coordinates with physicians, families, and aides; manages chronic conditions for residents needing daily living assistance. | Geriatric Care Manager credential; AL Director certification |
| Assisted Living Facility | Assisted Living Nurse / Director of Nursing | RN / LPN | Performs health assessments and medication administration; oversees resident wellness; coordinates with physicians and families. As Director of Nursing: oversees all nursing staff, ensures regulatory compliance, and manages quality improvement. | LNHA (Licensed Nursing Home Administrator) optional |
| Burn Units | Burn / Wound Care Nurse | RN | Provides specialized care for patients with severe burns; performs complex wound debridement and dressing changes; manages pain and fluid resuscitation; supports patients and families through lengthy recovery; prevents infection. | CCRN; WCC (Wound Care Certified); BCRNS (Burn Nursing) |
| Cardiac / Telemetry Unit | Telemetry / Cardiac Step-Down Nurse | RN | Continuously monitors cardiac rhythms via telemetry; recognizes and responds to arrhythmias; manages patients post-cardiac catheterization or MI; titrates cardiac medications; performs 12-lead ECG. | RN-BC Cardiac Vascular Nursing; ACLS required |
| Cardiac Care | Cardiac Care / Cardiovascular Nurse | RN / APRN | Manages patients with heart failure, coronary artery disease, valve disorders, and post-cardiac surgery; educates on lifestyle modifications; coordinates cardiac rehab; monitors hemodynamic status. | CCRN; CV-BC; Heart Failure Certification (HF-BC) |
| Cardiac Catheterization Lab | Cath Lab / Interventional Cardiology Nurse | RN | Assists cardiologists with diagnostic and interventional cardiac catheterization procedures; monitors hemodynamic status throughout; manages contrast media and anticoagulation; provides post-procedure care and education. | RCIS (Registered Cardiovascular Invasive Specialist); ACLS |
| Cardiology Clinic | Cardiology Clinic / Outpatient Cardiac Nurse | RN / APRN | Rooms patients, obtains cardiac histories, performs EKGs; assists with stress tests and device checks; educates patients on heart medications and symptom monitoring; manages follow-up care for cardiac conditions. | FNP-BC or ACNP-BC (NP level); RN-BC Cardiac |
| Care Coordination / Patient Navigation | Care Coordinator / Patient Navigator | RN / APRN | Guides patients through complex healthcare systems; coordinates specialist referrals, diagnostic tests, and community resources; removes barriers to care; follows up post-discharge to prevent readmissions; advocates for patients. | CCM (Certified Case Manager); ACM (Accredited Case Manager) |
| Case Management & Care Coordination | Case Manager / Discharge Planner | RN | Assesses patient needs and develops individualized care plans; facilitates safe and timely discharge; coordinates home health, rehab, or SNF placement; communicates with insurance and social services to ensure appropriate level of care. | CCM; ACM; CMAC Certification |
| Community Health | Community Health / Public Health Nurse | RN / APRN | Conducts outreach and health education in community settings; manages chronic disease programs; performs home visits; runs vaccination and screening clinics; addresses social determinants of health. | PHN Certificate; CPH (Certified in Public Health) |
| Community Mental Health Centers | Community Mental Health Nurse / Psychiatric RN | RN / APRN | Provides psychiatric assessment and medication management in outpatient community settings; runs group therapy sessions; performs crisis intervention; connects clients to social and housing resources; manages case loads of individuals with serious mental illness. | PMH-RN; PMHNP-BC (NP level) |
| Consulting | Nurse Consultant | RN / APRN | Provides expert nursing guidance to healthcare organizations, law firms, insurance companies, or businesses; evaluates policies, clinical practices, and patient records; recommends improvements; may specialize in legal, clinical, or operational consulting. | CLNC (Certified Legal Nurse Consultant); CCM; specialty certifications |
| Correctional Facility / Jail / Prison | Correctional Nurse | RN / LPN | Provides sick-call triage; manages chronic diseases in incarcerated patients; conducts intake health screenings; administers medications under secure protocols; handles medical emergencies in a correctional environment. | CCHP (Certified Correctional Health Professional) |
| Crisis Stabilization Units | Crisis Stabilization / Psychiatric Nurse | RN / APRN | Assesses individuals in acute psychiatric or substance use crisis; provides short-term stabilization and de-escalation; administers medications; coordinates transition to appropriate level of care; collaborates with mental health teams. | PMH-RN; CEN; PMHNP-BC (NP level) |
| Dermatology Nursing | Dermatology Nurse / Dermatology NP | RN / APRN | Assists dermatologists with skin biopsies, excisions, and laser procedures; educates patients on skin conditions, wound care, and sun protection; performs patch testing; manages patients with psoriasis, eczema, melanoma, and acne. | DCNP (Dermatology Certified Nurse Practitioner); DNA-C |
| Detox Centers | Detox / Substance Abuse Nurse | RN / APRN | Monitors patients undergoing medically supervised withdrawal from alcohol, opioids, or other substances; administers withdrawal protocols (CIWA, COWS); assesses vital signs frequently; provides supportive care and emotional support. | CARN (Certified Addictions RN); CARN-AP (Advanced Practice) |
| Dialysis Center | Nephrology / Dialysis Nurse | RN / LPN | Sets up and monitors hemodialysis machines; assesses patients before, during, and after treatment; manages vascular access sites; educates patients on fluid, dietary, and medication management for chronic kidney disease. | CNN (Certified Nephrology Nurse); CDN (Certified Dialysis Nurse) |
| Emergency Department (ED / ER) | Emergency Nurse | RN | Triages patients by acuity level; performs rapid assessment and stabilization; assists with trauma resuscitation; manages high patient volumes with unpredictable acuity; administers emergency medications; coordinates with EMS and specialists. | CEN (Certified Emergency Nurse); ACLS; TNCC; ENPC |
| Endocrinology | Endocrinology / Diabetes Nurse / NP | RN / APRN | Manages patients with diabetes, thyroid disorders, adrenal conditions, and hormonal imbalances; educates on insulin therapy and blood glucose monitoring; adjusts medications; conducts A1C tracking and metabolic assessments. | BC-ADM; CDCES (Certified Diabetes Care & Education Specialist) |
| Endoscopy / GI Procedures | Endoscopy / GI Nurse | RN | Prepares patients for colonoscopies, upper endoscopies, and ERCPs; assists gastroenterologists during procedures; monitors sedation; provides patient education; cleans and reprocesses scopes; monitors post-procedure recovery. | CGRN (Certified Gastroenterology RN) |
| Environmental Health Nursing | Environmental / Occupational Health Nurse | RN / APRN | Assesses and addresses health impacts of environmental exposures (toxins, pollutants, workplace hazards); develops prevention programs; educates communities on environmental risks; collaborates with public health agencies. | COHN (Certified Occupational Health Nurse); MPH credential |
| Federal / Public Service | Federal / Government Nurse (VA, IHS, BOP, CDC, NIH) | RN / APRN | Provides nursing care within federal agencies including Veterans Affairs, Indian Health Service, Bureau of Prisons, CDC, or NIH; may focus on clinical care, research, policy, epidemiology, or public health program management. | Varies by agency; active federal appointment required |
| Fertility Clinics | Fertility / Reproductive Endocrinology Nurse | RN / APRN | Coordinates IVF and assisted reproduction cycles; educates patients on fertility medications and injection techniques; monitors follicle development; assists with egg retrievals and embryo transfers; provides emotional support throughout fertility treatment. | Reproductive Nursing Certification; specialty training in ART |
| Flight / Transport Nursing | Flight Nurse / Critical Care Transport Nurse | RN | Provides critical care during air or ground transport of critically ill or injured patients; manages ventilators, drips, and airways in confined, high-acuity environments; communicates with receiving facilities; works with flight crews and paramedics. | CFRN (Certified Flight RN); CCRN; ACLS; PALS; TNCC |
| Forensic Nursing / SANE | Forensic Nurse / SANE Nurse | RN / APRN | Performs medical-forensic examinations for sexual assault survivors; collects and preserves evidence per legal standards; documents injuries; provides crisis counseling and referrals; may testify as expert witness; supports domestic violence victims and death investigations. | SANE-A (Adult/Adolescent); SANE-P (Pediatric); AFN-BC |
| Gastroenterology Nursing | GI / Gastroenterology Nurse | RN / APRN | Manages patients with GI disorders including Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, GERD, cirrhosis, and colorectal cancer; assists with procedures; educates on dietary management; monitors biologic therapies. | CGRN (Certified Gastroenterology RN); GI-focused NP certification |
| Geriatric Nursing | Geriatric / Gerontological Nurse | RN / LPN / APRN | Specializes in care of older adults; manages multiple comorbidities, polypharmacy, cognitive decline, and functional limitations; conducts comprehensive geriatric assessments; coordinates with family caregivers and interdisciplinary teams. | GCNS-BC; GNP-BC (Gerontological NP); RN-BC Gerontology |
| Government | Government / Public Health Nurse | RN / APRN | Works within local, state, or federal government agencies on public health initiatives, policy development, disease surveillance, emergency preparedness, and health program administration. | PHN Certificate; MPH; CPH (Certified in Public Health) |
| Group Homes | Group Home / Developmental Disabilities Nurse | RN / LPN | Provides nursing care for individuals with intellectual or developmental disabilities living in residential group settings; manages medications and chronic health needs; trains direct care staff; coordinates specialist appointments and health plans. | CDDN (Certified Developmental Disability Nurse) |
| Home Health | Home Health Nurse | RN / LPN | Visits patients in their homes to provide wound care, IV therapy, medication teaching, and post-surgical follow-up; conducts OASIS assessments; coordinates with the home health interdisciplinary team; educates patients on self-care. | HCS-D (Home Care Coding); CHHCM (Case Management) |
| Home Health Agency | Home Health RN / Case Manager | RN / LPN | Manages a caseload of home health patients; performs initial and follow-up assessments; develops and updates care plans; supervises LPNs and aides; ensures Medicare/Medicaid compliance; communicates with physicians for orders. | HCS-D; HCS-O; CHHCM certifications |
| Hospice / Palliative Care | Hospice Nurse / Palliative Care Nurse | RN / LPN / APRN | Manages pain and symptom control for patients with life-limiting illness; provides comfort-focused care aligned with patient goals; educates and supports families through the dying process; coordinates the interdisciplinary hospice team; provides bereavement support. | CHPN (Certified Hospice & Palliative Nurse); ACHPN (Advanced) |
| Hospital | Hospital Nurse (varies by unit) | RN / LPN | Provides inpatient nursing care across hospital departments including med-surg, telemetry, oncology, orthopedics, and more; administers medications; monitors patient status; coordinates care; documents in EHR; educates patients on their conditions. | Unit-specific certifications; BLS/ACLS as required |
| ICU / Critical Care | Critical Care / Intensive Care Nurse | RN | Manages 1–2 critically ill patients requiring complex monitoring; operates ventilators, continuous renal replacement therapy, and vasoactive drips; responds to rapid deterioration; collaborates with intensivists and specialists; supports families. | CCRN; CSC (Cardiac Surgery Certification); ACLS; BLS |
| Infectious Disease Nursing | Infection Control / Infectious Disease Nurse | RN / APRN | Manages patients with HIV/AIDS, sepsis, TB, hepatitis, and emerging infections; implements and monitors infection prevention protocols; conducts contact tracing; educates staff and patients on transmission prevention; may oversee hospital infection control programs. | CIC (Certified in Infection Control); HIV/AIDS Certified RN |
| Informatics Nursing | Nursing Informatics Specialist | RN | Bridges clinical nursing practice and information technology; designs and optimizes EHR workflows; trains clinical staff on health IT systems; analyzes data to improve patient outcomes and efficiency; supports system implementations and upgrades. | RN-BC Nursing Informatics; CPHIMS; ONC certification |
| Infusion Center | Infusion Nurse | RN | Inserts and manages IV lines and PICC lines; administers IV antibiotics, biologics, chemotherapy, and hydration therapies; monitors for infusion reactions; educates patients; maintains infusion records and safety protocols. | CRNI (Certified Registered Nurse Infusion); VA-BC |
| Insurance Nursing | Insurance / Managed Care Nurse | RN | Reviews medical records and clinical data for insurance companies to authorize or deny coverage; conducts utilization management; interprets clinical guidelines; communicates with providers; may support claims adjudication or disability evaluations. | CCM; CMCN (Certified Managed Care Nurse) |
| Intensive Care Unit | ICU Nurse | RN | Provides one-on-one or 1:2 intensive nursing care to critically ill patients; manages complex equipment including mechanical ventilators and hemodynamic monitors; collaborates closely with physicians and specialists; responds to emergencies and codes. | CCRN; ACLS; unit-specific advanced certifications |
| Intensive Care Unit (ICU / Critical Care) | Critical Care Nurse (ICU) | RN | Same scope as ICU Nurse above. May specialize further as Medical ICU (MICU), Surgical ICU (SICU), Cardiovascular ICU (CVICU), Neurological ICU (Neuro ICU), or Trauma ICU (TICU) nurse. | CCRN; CSC; CMC; ACLS; PALS (pediatric ICU) |
| Interventional Radiology | Interventional Radiology (IR) Nurse | RN | Prepares patients for minimally invasive image-guided procedures (biopsies, drains, vascular interventions); monitors conscious sedation; assists IR team; manages post-procedure recovery; educates patients on care after procedures. | ACLS; RNFA; specialized IR training |
| Labor & Delivery / NICU | L&D Nurse / NICU Nurse | RN | L&D: Monitors fetal well-being, supports laboring mothers, assists with deliveries, identifies obstetric emergencies. NICU: Cares for premature and critically ill newborns, manages specialized equipment, and supports families. | RNC-OB; RNC-NIC; NRP (Neonatal Resuscitation) |
| Labor & Delivery / Obstetrics | OB / Labor & Delivery Nurse | RN | Monitors fetal heart tones and labor progress; supports mothers through all stages of labor; assists with vaginal and cesarean deliveries; manages obstetric emergencies; educates on postpartum and newborn care. | RNC-OB; NRP; ACLS; EFM certification |
| Legal Nurse Consulting | Legal Nurse Consultant (LNC) | RN | Applies clinical nursing expertise to legal cases; reviews medical records for attorneys and insurance companies; analyzes standards of care; prepares case summaries; identifies expert witnesses; may testify as expert; bridges medicine and law. | CLNC (Certified Legal Nurse Consultant); LNC certification |
| Long-Term Care | Long-Term Care / Geriatric Nurse | RN / LPN | Manages chronic conditions and complex medication regimens for elderly or disabled residents in skilled nursing facilities; supervises CNAs; conducts fall and skin risk assessments; coordinates care conferences; ensures regulatory compliance. | AANAC certifications; MDS Coordinator credential |
| Long-Term Care / Nursing Home (SNF) | SNF / LTC Nurse / MDS Coordinator | RN / LPN | Same as LTC above; additionally may serve as MDS Coordinator completing federally mandated assessments that drive care planning and Medicare reimbursement; oversees RAI process. | RAC-CT (Resident Assessment Coordinator – Certified) |
| Maternal–Child Health | Maternal-Child Health Nurse / Perinatal Nurse | RN / APRN | Provides care across the continuum of pregnancy, birth, postpartum, and newborn periods; may work in L&D, postpartum, NICU, or maternal-child outpatient clinics; supports high-risk pregnancies; educates on infant care and breastfeeding. | RNC-OB; RNC-MNN (Maternal Newborn Nursing); IBCLC |
| Medical ICU | Medical ICU (MICU) Nurse | RN | Specializes in critically ill patients with medical (non-surgical) diagnoses including sepsis, ARDS, respiratory failure, hepatic failure, and multi-organ dysfunction; manages complex ventilator weaning and vasopressor titration. | CCRN; ACLS; experience with medical critical care protocols |
| Memory Care Units | Memory Care / Dementia Nurse | RN / LPN | Provides specialized care for residents with Alzheimer's disease and other dementias; uses validation therapy and therapeutic communication; manages behavioral symptoms safely; supports family caregivers; ensures a safe, structured environment. | CDR (Certified Dementia Practitioner); specialty dementia training |
| Mental Health, Behavioral Health / Psychiatric Nursing | Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse (PMH-RN / PMHNP) | RN / APRN | Performs psychiatric assessments and mental status exams; de-escalates behavioral crises; administers and monitors psychotropic medications; facilitates individual and group therapy; coordinates with social workers, therapists, and psychiatrists. | PMH-RN (RN level); PMHNP-BC (NP level) |
| Military / Veterans' Health (VA) | Military Nurse / VA Nurse Practitioner | RN / APRN | Cares for active duty military personnel or veterans; manages combat-related injuries, PTSD, TBI, and chronic conditions; may deploy to field hospitals; provides primary care, mental health, or specialty services through the VA system. | Active duty commission (military); VA credentialing; FNP-BC or specialty NP |
| Mobile Clinics | Mobile Health / Outreach Nurse | RN / APRN | Delivers healthcare services to underserved populations in non-traditional settings using mobile units; provides screenings, vaccinations, wound care, and primary care; addresses access barriers; connects patients to community resources. | PHN Certificate; FNP-BC (NP level); BLS/ACLS |
| Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) | NICU Nurse | RN | Provides intensive care to premature and critically ill newborns; manages incubators, warming beds, and specialized neonatal equipment; administers neonatal medications; monitors oxygen therapy; supports families through high-stress situations. | RNC-NIC; NRP (Neonatal Resuscitation Program) |
| Nephrology Nursing | Nephrology Nurse | RN / APRN | Manages patients with acute and chronic kidney disease; educates on renal diets, fluid restrictions, and dialysis options; coordinates care for patients on hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, or preparing for transplant. | CNN (Certified Nephrology Nurse); CDN; CCHT |
| Neurology Nursing | Neurology / Neuroscience Nurse | RN / APRN | Cares for patients with stroke, epilepsy, MS, Parkinson's, TBI, brain tumors, and other neurological conditions; performs neurological assessments; monitors for changes in level of consciousness; assists with neurology procedures. | CNRN (Certified Neuroscience RN); Stroke Certified RN (SCRN) |
| Nursing Administration | Nurse Manager / Director of Nursing / CNO | RN (BSN preferred) | Oversees nursing staff, operations, and patient care quality within a unit, department, or organization; manages staffing and budgets; ensures regulatory compliance; leads quality improvement initiatives; mentors nursing staff; interfaces with hospital leadership. | NE-BC or NEA-BC (Nurse Executive Certifications); MBA or MHA helpful |
| Nursing Education | Nurse Educator (Staff Development / Academic) | RN / PhD / DNP | Designs and delivers education programs for nursing staff or students; assesses competencies; develops orientation programs; facilitates simulation training; conducts needs assessments; evaluates educational outcomes. | CNE (Certified Nurse Educator); CHSE (Simulation Education) |
| Nursing Homes | Long-Term Care / Nursing Home Nurse | RN / LPN | Manages care for elderly and disabled residents with chronic conditions; administers complex medication regimens; supervises aides; responds to acute changes in condition; coordinates with physicians and therapists; ensures CMS regulatory compliance. | AANAC; RAC-CT; specialty geriatric certifications |
| Occupational Health / Workplace Clinic | Occupational Health Nurse | RN / APRN | Manages work-related injuries and illnesses; conducts pre-employment and return-to-work physicals; implements workplace wellness programs; ensures OSHA compliance; coordinates workers' compensation cases; reduces workplace health hazards. | COHN or COHN-S (Certified Occupational Health Nurse Specialist) |
| Oncology Unit / Cancer Center | Oncology Nurse | RN | Administers chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapies; manages side effects and toxicities; educates patients on treatment and symptom management; provides palliative and comfort care; offers psychosocial support to patients and families. | OCN (Oncology Certified Nurse); BMTCN; CPON (pediatric) |
| Operating Room (Perioperative) | Perioperative / OR Nurse (Scrub or Circulator) | RN | Functions as scrub nurse (maintaining sterile field, passing instruments) or circulating nurse (documenting, positioning patient, coordinating the OR); counts instruments and sponges; ensures patient safety throughout surgical procedure. | CNOR (Certified Perioperative Nurse); RNFA (First Assistant) |
| Outpatient Clinic / Physician Office | Ambulatory Care / Clinic Nurse | RN / LPN | Rooms patients; obtains vitals, histories, and chief complaints; assists providers during examinations; administers injections and vaccinations; manages prescription refills; conducts phone triage; provides patient education on chronic conditions. | AMB-BC (Ambulatory Care Nursing Certification) |
| PACU | Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) Nurse | RN | Monitors patients recovering from anesthesia immediately after surgery; assesses airway, vital signs, pain, and level of consciousness; manages post-op nausea and pain; ensures safe emergence from anesthesia before transfer to floor. | CPAN (Certified Post-Anesthesia Nurse); CAPA; ACLS |
| Pain Management | Pain Management Nurse / NP | RN / APRN | Assesses and manages acute and chronic pain conditions; educates patients on multimodal pain management; assists with pain procedures (injections, nerve blocks); titrates opioid and non-opioid analgesics; monitors for medication side effects and misuse. | RN-BC Pain Management; PMGT-BC (Pain Management) |
| Palliative Care | Palliative Care Nurse / Palliative NP | RN / APRN | Focuses on relieving suffering and improving quality of life for patients with serious illness at any stage; manages complex symptoms; facilitates goals-of-care conversations; supports families; collaborates with interdisciplinary palliative care team. | CHPN; ACHPN (Advanced Certified Hospice & Palliative Nurse) |
| Pediatric Unit / Pediatric Hospital | Pediatric Nurse | RN | Provides developmentally appropriate care for patients from infancy through adolescence; calculates and administers weight-based medications; supports and educates families; coordinates with child life specialists; manages pediatric-specific conditions. | CPN (Certified Pediatric Nurse); CPEN (Emergency Peds); PALS |
| Pharmaceutical Industry | Pharmaceutical / Clinical Research Nurse | RN / APRN | Works for pharmaceutical or biotech companies in roles such as clinical research nurse, medical science liaison, drug safety specialist, or clinical educator; monitors clinical trials; educates providers on drug use; supports regulatory submissions. | CCRC (Clinical Research Coordinator Certified); CCRP; MSL training |
| Primary Care / Family Practice | Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) / Primary Care RN | RN / LPN / APRN | Provides preventive, acute, and chronic disease management across the lifespan; conducts physical exams; orders and interprets diagnostics; prescribes medications (NP); manages wellness visits; coordinates specialist referrals. | FNP-BC (AANP or ANCC); RN-BC Primary Care |
| Psychiatric / Behavioral Health Facility | Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse | RN / LPN | Conducts mental status examinations; safely de-escalates psychiatric crises; administers psychotropic medications and monitors for side effects; facilitates therapeutic and psychoeducational groups; creates safe milieu; coordinates discharge planning. | PMH-RN; PMHNP-BC (advanced practice) |
| Public Health / Community Health Department | Public Health Nurse (PHN) | RN / APRN | Conducts community health needs assessments; manages vaccination, TB, STI, and disease surveillance programs; responds to public health emergencies; performs home visits; develops health education programs targeting population-level outcomes. | PHN Certificate; CPH; epidemiology training |
| Pulmonary Care | Pulmonary / Respiratory Nurse | RN / APRN | Manages patients with asthma, COPD, pulmonary fibrosis, sleep apnea, and respiratory failure; educates on inhaler technique and oxygen therapy; assists with pulmonary function tests and bronchoscopies; monitors ventilator-dependent patients. | RN-BC Medical-Surgical; Respiratory specialty training; ACLS |
| Quality Improvement | Quality Improvement / Patient Safety Nurse | RN (BSN preferred) | Collects and analyzes clinical data to identify care gaps and opportunities for improvement; leads process improvement projects using Lean or Six Sigma methodologies; monitors compliance with regulatory standards; reports quality metrics to leadership. | CPHQ (Certified Professional in Healthcare Quality); Six Sigma Green Belt |
| Radiology Nursing | Radiology / Imaging Nurse | RN | Supports patients undergoing diagnostic imaging (CT, MRI, PET) and interventional radiology procedures; manages contrast reactions; monitors conscious sedation; educates patients before and after imaging procedures; assists with biopsy and drainage procedures. | CRN (Certified Radiology Nurse); ACLS |
| Rehabilitation Hospital / Rehab Unit | Rehabilitation Nurse | RN / LPN | Supports patients recovering from stroke, TBI, spinal cord injury, amputation, or orthopedic surgery; reinforces therapy goals outside of formal PT/OT/SLP sessions; promotes functional independence; educates on adaptive equipment and safe mobility. | CRRN (Certified Rehabilitation Registered Nurse) |
| Research Nursing | Clinical Research Nurse / Research Coordinator | RN / APRN | Coordinates and conducts clinical trials and research studies; obtains informed consent; administers study interventions; collects and manages research data; ensures protocol compliance and participant safety; communicates with IRBs and sponsors. | CCRP (Certified Clinical Research Professional); CCRC; ACRN |
| Rheumatology | Rheumatology Nurse / NP | RN / APRN | Manages patients with autoimmune and inflammatory conditions including rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and gout; educates on biologic therapies and disease-modifying drugs; monitors for medication toxicities; conducts joint assessments. | RN-BC or specialty NP certification in rheumatology |
| School / University Health Center | School Nurse / College Health NP | RN / APRN | Manages student health needs from acute illness to chronic condition management; administers medications; performs health screenings; develops Individualized Health Plans (IHPs) and 504 plans; provides first aid; refers to community services. | NCSN (National Certified School Nurse); FNP-BC (college health NP) |
| Shelters | Shelter Nurse / Street Medicine Nurse | RN / APRN | Provides nursing care to homeless and at-risk populations in emergency shelters or street medicine programs; manages acute illness, wound care, mental health crises, and substance use; connects clients to social and healthcare services. | PHN Certificate; flexibility and harm reduction training essential |
| Simulation Centers | Simulation Nurse Educator / Simulation Specialist | RN | Designs, facilitates, and debriefs high-fidelity clinical simulations for nursing students and healthcare professionals; operates simulation manikins and technology; assesses learner competency; develops scenarios aligned with learning objectives. | CHSE (Certified Healthcare Simulation Educator); CNE |
| Substance Abuse | Addictions / Substance Use Disorder Nurse | RN / APRN | Provides assessment, detoxification monitoring, and ongoing care for patients with substance use disorders; administers medication-assisted treatment (MAT); provides motivational interviewing; coordinates with behavioral health and social services. | CARN (Certified Addictions RN); CARN-AP (Advanced Practice) |
| Surgical ICU | Surgical ICU (SICU) Nurse | RN | Provides intensive post-operative care for patients following major surgeries; manages surgical complications, hemodynamic instability, and complex wound care; coordinates with surgical teams and anesthesia; monitors fluid balance and organ function. | CCRN; ACLS; experience in post-surgical critical care |
| Telehealth | Telehealth Nurse / Virtual Care Nurse | RN / APRN | Delivers nursing care and assessment remotely via video, phone, or digital platforms; conducts triage, chronic disease monitoring, post-discharge follow-up, and patient education; coordinates in-person referrals when needed. | Telehealth nursing certification; RN-BC or specialty NP for advanced roles |
| Telemetry | Telemetry / Step-Down Nurse | RN | Monitors cardiac rhythms continuously for patients at risk of arrhythmias; manages patients transitioning from ICU or post-cardiac procedure; recognizes and responds to rhythm changes; titrates cardiac medications under physician orders. | ACLS; RN-BC Cardiac Vascular Nursing; Telemetry interpretation competency |
| Trauma ICU | Trauma ICU (TICU) Nurse | RN | Cares for patients with life-threatening traumatic injuries including polytrauma, TBI, and spinal cord injury; manages multiple simultaneous injuries; coordinates with trauma surgeons, neurosurgery, and orthopedics; manages ICP monitors and complex wound care. | CCRN; TCRN (Trauma Certified RN); ACLS; TNCC |
| Travel Nursing | Travel Nurse (any specialty) | RN / LPN | Works on short-term contracts (typically 13 weeks) at hospitals or healthcare facilities across the country or internationally; fills staffing shortages; must rapidly adapt to new facilities, EHR systems, and patient populations; typically earns premium pay. | Must hold license in state of assignment (compact or individual licensure); BLS/ACLS; specialty certification encouraged |
| Urgent Care | Urgent Care Nurse / NP | RN / APRN | Provides episodic care for acute, non-life-threatening conditions including infections, minor injuries, and illnesses; performs rapid assessments; assists with minor procedures; manages high patient volume; educates on self-care and follow-up. | FNP-BC or ENP-C (Emergency NP) for NP level; CEN helpful |
| Utilization Review | Utilization Review Nurse | RN | Reviews patient cases to determine medical necessity of admissions, procedures, and services; communicates with physicians and insurance payers; applies InterQual or Milliman criteria; facilitates appeals for denied services; supports appropriate resource use. | CCM; CMAC; CPUR (Certified in Utilization Review) |
| VA Facilities | VA Nurse / Veterans Health Nurse | RN / APRN | Provides comprehensive healthcare to U.S. veterans across VA medical centers and outpatient clinics; manages service-connected conditions, PTSD, TBI, chronic pain, and mental health needs; participates in VA-specific programs and research. | VA credentialing; FNP-BC or specialty NP; active or veteran status helpful |
| Wellness Programs | Wellness Nurse / Health Coach Nurse | RN / APRN | Develops and delivers workplace or community wellness initiatives; conducts health risk assessments; provides health coaching on nutrition, exercise, and stress management; coordinates preventive screenings; supports chronic disease prevention. | CHWC (Certified Health & Wellness Coach); COHN; NWC-C |
| WOC Nursing | Wound, Ostomy, and Continence (WOC) Nurse | RN | Specializes in care of wounds, ostomies, and continence disorders; performs comprehensive wound assessments; develops and implements wound care plans; educates patients on ostomy management and continence strategies; consults on complex skin and wound issues. | CWOCN (Certified WOC Nurse); CWON; COCN specialty certifications |
| Women's Health | Women's Health Nurse / OB-GYN NP | RN / APRN | Provides gynecologic and reproductive health care including pelvic exams, Pap smears, contraception counseling, STI management, and menopause care; supports prenatal and postpartum care; educates on breast health, osteoporosis, and preventive screenings. | WHNP-BC (Women's Health NP); RNC-OB; SANE-A |
| Wound Care | Wound Care Nurse / WCC | RN / LPN | Assesses and treats acute and chronic wounds including pressure injuries, diabetic foot ulcers, venous and arterial ulcers, and surgical wounds; selects appropriate dressings and debridement techniques; educates patients and families on wound prevention. | WCC (Wound Care Certified); CWCN; CWON specialty certifications |
| Bone Marrow Transplant (BMT) Unit | BMT / Hematology-Oncology Nurse | RN | Cares for patients undergoing stem cell or bone marrow transplantation; manages severe immunosuppression, mucositis, and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD); administers high-dose chemotherapy and biologic agents; monitors for engraftment and complications; provides intensive patient and family education. | BMTCN (Blood & Marrow Transplant Certified Nurse); OCN |
| Cardiac Surgery / CVICU | Cardiovascular ICU (CVICU) Nurse | RN | Provides intensive post-operative care for patients following open-heart surgery, valve repair/replacement, or LVAD implantation; manages chest tubes, epicardial pacing wires, intra-aortic balloon pumps, and vasoactive drips; monitors hemodynamics closely; collaborates with cardiac surgery team. | CCRN; CSC (Cardiac Surgery Certification); ACLS |
| Chest Pain / Observation Unit | Observation / Chest Pain Unit Nurse | RN | Monitors patients admitted for short-stay observation for chest pain, rule-out MI, syncope, or other acute conditions; conducts serial cardiac enzyme monitoring and ECGs; educates patients on discharge instructions; facilitates rapid disposition decisions. | ACLS; RN-BC Cardiac; CEN helpful |
| Hematology Unit | Hematology Nurse | RN | Cares for patients with blood disorders including leukemia, lymphoma, anemia, sickle cell disease, and clotting disorders; administers blood products and complex medication regimens; monitors for transfusion reactions; educates patients on disease management. | OCN; BMTCN; RN-BC Medical-Surgical |
| Liver / Transplant Unit | Transplant Nurse | RN | Manages pre- and post-transplant care for liver, kidney, heart, or lung recipients; monitors for organ rejection and infection; manages complex immunosuppression regimens; educates patients on life-long transplant care; coordinates with multidisciplinary transplant teams. | CCTC (Certified Clinical Transplant Coordinator); CCRN |
| Neurosurgery Unit | Neurosurgery / Neuro Step-Down Nurse | RN | Cares for patients following brain or spinal surgery; performs frequent neurological checks; monitors for increased intracranial pressure; manages drains and surgical wounds; educates patients and families on post-operative expectations and neurological deficits. | CNRN (Certified Neuroscience RN); SCRN |
| Orthopedic Unit | Orthopedic Nurse | RN / LPN | Manages patients undergoing joint replacements, fracture repairs, and spinal surgeries; provides post-operative pain management; assists with mobility and ambulation; educates on weight-bearing restrictions; monitors for DVT, compartment syndrome, and surgical complications. | ONC (Orthopaedic Nurse Certified) |
| Post-Partum / Mother-Baby Unit | Mother-Baby / Post-Partum Nurse | RN | Cares for mothers and newborns in the immediate post-delivery period; performs newborn assessments; supports breastfeeding and infant bonding; educates on newborn care, postpartum recovery, and contraception; monitors for postpartum hemorrhage and infection. | RNC-MNN (Maternal Newborn Nursing); IBCLC (lactation) |
| Stroke Unit / Comprehensive Stroke Center | Stroke Nurse | RN | Provides specialized care for patients experiencing acute ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke; administers thrombolytics (tPA) within critical time windows; performs frequent neurological assessments using NIH Stroke Scale; monitors for post-stroke complications; educates on stroke prevention and rehabilitation. | SCRN (Stroke Certified RN); CNRN; ACLS |
| Urology Unit | Urology Nurse | RN / LPN | Manages patients with urological conditions including kidney stones, urinary retention, bladder cancer, and post-prostatectomy care; manages catheters and urostomies; assists with cystoscopies and other urological procedures; educates on pelvic floor health and continence. | CUCNS or CUNP; COCN (continence specialty) |
| Allergy & Immunology Clinic | Allergy & Immunology Nurse | RN / APRN | Administers allergy injections and immunotherapy; monitors patients for anaphylaxis post-injection; performs allergy skin testing; educates on allergen avoidance and epinephrine auto-injector use; manages patients with asthma, food allergies, and immune disorders. | RN-BC; AE-C (Asthma Educator Certified) |
| Bariatric / Weight Loss Clinic | Bariatric Nurse | RN / APRN | Supports patients through the bariatric surgery process from pre-operative evaluation through long-term follow-up; educates on dietary changes, vitamin supplementation, and behavioral modifications; monitors for surgical complications and nutritional deficiencies; provides ongoing weight management counseling. | CBC (Certified Bariatric Nurse) |
| Genetics / Genomics Clinic | Genetics Nurse / Genomics NP | RN / APRN | Works alongside genetic counselors and physicians to assess patients at risk for hereditary conditions; obtains detailed family histories; explains genetic testing options and results; counsels patients on implications of genetic findings; coordinates preventive care and specialist referrals. | APNG (Advanced Practice Nurse in Genetics); CGNC certification |
| Ophthalmology / Eye Clinic | Ophthalmic Nurse | RN / LPN | Assists ophthalmologists with eye examinations and procedures; administers dilating drops and ophthalmic medications; prepares patients for cataract, glaucoma, or retinal surgeries; educates on post-operative eye care and medication instillation. | CO (Certified Orthoptist); specialty ophthalmic nursing training |
| Orthopedic / Sports Medicine Clinic | Orthopedic / Sports Medicine Nurse | RN / APRN | Rooms patients with musculoskeletal injuries and conditions; assists with joint injections and casting; educates on injury prevention and rehabilitation; coordinates pre-operative and post-operative outpatient orthopedic care; manages chronic conditions like osteoarthritis. | ONC (Orthopaedic Nurse Certified); FNP-BC or ACNP for NP role |
| Pre-Admission Testing (PAT) Clinic | Pre-Admission Testing Nurse | RN | Conducts pre-operative health assessments for elective surgical patients; reviews medical history, medications, and allergies; orders and reviews pre-op labs and diagnostics; educates on pre-operative instructions including NPO guidelines and medication management. | CPAN; perioperative nursing training |
| Sleep Medicine Clinic | Sleep Medicine Nurse | RN / APRN | Assesses patients with sleep disorders including obstructive sleep apnea, insomnia, narcolepsy, and restless leg syndrome; assists with polysomnography setup; educates on CPAP/BiPAP therapy; follows up on treatment adherence and outcomes. | RPSGT (sleep technologist training); ABSM certification |
| Urology Clinic | Urology Clinic Nurse / Urology NP | RN / APRN | Manages outpatient urological care including bladder health, kidney stones, prostate conditions, and incontinence; assists with in-office procedures such as cystoscopies; educates patients on self-catheterization; manages post-procedure follow-up. | CUCNS or CUNP (Urology NP); COCN |
| Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Clinic | Plastic Surgery Nurse | RN / LPN | Assists with cosmetic and reconstructive procedures; manages complex surgical wound care and drain care; educates patients on post-operative recovery and scar management; supports patients undergoing reconstructive surgery following mastectomy, burns, or trauma. | CPSN (Certified Plastic Surgical Nurse) |
| Eating Disorder Treatment Centers | Eating Disorder Nurse | RN / APRN | Provides specialized care for patients with anorexia, bulimia, binge eating disorder, and ARFID; monitors medical complications including electrolyte imbalances and cardiac arrhythmias; supports meal supervision; collaborates with dietitians and therapists; provides trauma-informed care. | CEDS-S (Certified Eating Disorder Specialist); PMH-RN |
| Inpatient Psychiatric Hospital | Inpatient Psychiatric Nurse | RN / LPN | Provides 24-hour nursing care on locked inpatient psychiatric units; monitors safety and performs suicide risk assessments; administers psychotropic medications and monitors for side effects; facilitates therapeutic milieu; de-escalates behavioral crises using least-restrictive interventions. | PMH-RN; PMHNP-BC (advanced practice) |
| Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT) Clinic | MAT / Addiction Medicine Nurse | RN / APRN | Administers and monitors medications for opioid use disorder (buprenorphine, methadone, naltrexone); conducts urine drug screenings; provides counseling and education on recovery; coordinates with behavioral health providers; supports long-term recovery planning. | CARN (Certified Addictions RN); CARN-AP (NP level) |
| Partial Hospitalization Program (PHP) | PHP / Day Treatment Psychiatric Nurse | RN / APRN | Provides structured psychiatric care during daytime hours for patients needing intensive mental health treatment without full inpatient admission; leads and co-facilitates therapeutic groups; manages medications; monitors mental status; coordinates step-down to outpatient services. | PMH-RN; PMHNP-BC for prescribing role |
| Residential Mental Health Facility | Residential Mental Health Nurse | RN / LPN | Provides nursing care in residential settings for adults or adolescents with chronic mental illness; manages medication administration and adherence; monitors physical health; coordinates psychiatric and medical appointments; supports daily living skill development. | PMH-RN; CDDN for developmental populations |
| Cruise Ship / Maritime Health | Maritime / Cruise Ship Nurse | RN | Provides medical care to passengers and crew aboard cruise ships or other vessels; manages acute illnesses and injuries, cardiac events, and medical evacuations; operates with limited resources far from shore-based hospitals; must be proficient across a wide range of emergency and primary care. | ACLS; ATLS; PALS; wilderness/remote medicine training helpful |
| Faith-Based / Parish Nursing | Parish Nurse / Faith Community Nurse | RN | Serves as a health ministry within faith communities; provides health screenings, education, and referrals; supports the whole-person wellness of congregation members; connects individuals to community health resources; advocates for vulnerable members. | BCHC (Board Certified in Faith Community Nursing); PHN Certificate |
| Refugee & Immigrant Health Clinics | Refugee Health Nurse | RN / APRN | Conducts health screenings for newly arrived refugees and immigrants; manages communicable disease testing (TB, parasites, hepatitis); provides culturally sensitive care; navigates language and cultural barriers; connects patients to community health resources and follow-up care. | PHN Certificate; cultural competency training; FNP-BC helpful |
| Rural Health Clinics | Rural Health Nurse / NP | RN / APRN | Provides primary and acute care in underserved rural communities, often as the primary or sole provider; manages a broad range of conditions across all ages; performs procedures that urban nurses may not; coordinates air and ground medical transport for emergencies. | FNP-BC; RN-BC; ACLS; broad generalist skill set essential |
| Camp Nursing | Camp Nurse | RN / LPN | Provides health services for children and staff at summer camps or residential programs; manages acute illnesses, injuries, and medication administration; responds to emergencies in remote or semi-remote settings; educates campers on health and safety. | BLS; Wilderness First Aid; Epi-pen administration training |
| Adult Day Health Programs | Adult Day Health Nurse | RN / LPN | Provides nursing oversight and health monitoring for elderly or disabled adults attending structured daytime programs; administers medications; manages chronic conditions; provides health education; coordinates with caregivers and primary care providers. | Geriatric nursing experience; AANAC certification helpful |
| Brain Injury Rehabilitation Centers | Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) Rehabilitation Nurse | RN | Cares for patients recovering from traumatic or acquired brain injuries; performs cognitive and neurological assessments; manages behavioral disturbances associated with TBI; coordinates intensive rehabilitation therapies; educates families on brain injury recovery. | CRRN (Certified Rehabilitation RN); CNRN; CBIS |
| Pediatric Rehabilitation Centers | Pediatric Rehabilitation Nurse | RN | Supports children recovering from neurological injury, spinal cord injury, or complex medical conditions; reinforces therapy goals outside of formal sessions; manages pediatric-specific rehabilitation equipment; educates and supports families throughout recovery. | CRRN; CPN (Certified Pediatric Nurse); PALS |
| Ventilator / Tracheostomy Care Units | Vent / Trach Nurse | RN | Manages medically complex patients who are ventilator-dependent or tracheostomy-dependent on a long-term basis; performs tracheostomy care and suctioning; manages ventilator settings; monitors for respiratory complications; educates families on long-term airway management. | CCRN; RRT collaboration; ACLS |
| Veterans' Domiciliary / Residential Programs | VA Domiciliary Nurse | RN / LPN | Provides nursing care for veterans in VA residential programs for mental health recovery, substance abuse, or homeless veteran services; manages medications and chronic conditions; supports psychosocial rehabilitation; coordinates with VA interdisciplinary teams. | VA credentialing; PMH-RN helpful; CARN |
| Clinical Documentation Improvement (CDI) | Clinical Documentation Improvement Specialist | RN (BSN preferred) | Reviews medical records concurrently with patient admission to ensure clinical documentation accurately reflects patient severity of illness and complexity of care; queries physicians for clarification; ensures appropriate ICD-10 coding; supports accurate reimbursement and quality metrics. | CCDS (Certified CDI Specialist); CDIP; RN-BC |
| Health Coaching / Lifestyle Medicine | Health Coach Nurse / Lifestyle Medicine NP | RN / APRN | Partners with individuals to achieve health behavior changes related to nutrition, physical activity, sleep, stress, and substance use; uses motivational interviewing and evidence-based coaching techniques; supports chronic disease prevention and reversal. | CHWC; NBC-HWC (National Board Certified Health & Wellness Coach); DipACLM |
| Healthcare Risk Management | Risk Management Nurse | RN (BSN preferred) | Identifies, analyzes, and mitigates clinical risks within healthcare organizations; investigates adverse events and near-misses; develops policies to prevent patient harm; collaborates with legal, compliance, and quality teams; manages malpractice claims. | CPHRM (Certified Professional in Healthcare Risk Management); ARM |
| Medical Writing / Publishing | Medical Writer / Nurse Author | RN / APRN | Creates clinical content including journal articles, clinical guidelines, patient education materials, continuing education modules, drug information documents, and regulatory submissions; translates complex medical concepts into clear, accurate written content. | AMWA membership; CMPP (Medical Publication Professional); advanced degree helpful |
| Population Health Management | Population Health Nurse | RN / APRN | Analyzes health data to identify high-risk patient populations; designs and implements targeted interventions to improve outcomes and reduce costs; coordinates care for complex patients across the continuum; works within ACOs, health systems, or managed care organizations. | CCM; PHN Certificate; data analytics skills |
| AI / Health Technology Companies | Clinical Informaticist / AI Nurse Specialist | RN / APRN | Applies clinical nursing expertise to the development, testing, and implementation of artificial intelligence and digital health tools; validates AI algorithms for clinical accuracy; advises on workflow integration; trains clinical staff; bridges technology and bedside care. | CPHIMS; RN-BC Nursing Informatics; data science training beneficial |
| Digital Health Startups | Clinical Nurse Advisor / Digital Health Nurse | RN / APRN | Contributes clinical expertise to digital health product development and strategy; conducts user research with clinical staff; evaluates clinical validity of health apps and platforms; supports product launches and go-to-market strategies. | RN licensure; health informatics training; MBA or MPH beneficial |
| Nurse Entrepreneurship / Private Practice (APRN) | Nurse Entrepreneur / Independent APRN | APRN | Establishes and operates an independent nursing or NP practice; provides direct patient care, consulting, education, or telehealth services; manages business operations, billing, and marketing; may specialize in primary care, mental health, aesthetics, or wellness. | Full practice authority state licensure; FNP-BC or specialty NP; business training |
| Remote Patient Monitoring Programs | Remote Patient Monitoring Nurse | RN / APRN | Monitors patients' vital signs and health data transmitted via wearables and home monitoring devices; identifies early warning signs of deterioration; contacts patients and providers when values are outside parameters; manages chronic conditions remotely between clinic visits. | Telehealth certification; specialty certification in relevant chronic disease |
| Wearable Health Technology Support | Health Technology Nurse Specialist | RN | Educates patients and providers on wearable health monitoring devices; troubleshoots technical issues; analyzes data trends from wearables; collaborates with care teams to integrate device data into clinical decision-making; supports product development feedback. | RN-BC Nursing Informatics; device-specific training certifications |
